| Customization: | Available |
|---|---|
| CAS No.: | 108-95-2 |
| Formula: | C6h5oh |
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1.Introduction
Phenol, also known as carbolic acid, is an aromaticorganic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH. It is a white crystallinesolidthat is volatile. The molecule consists of a phenyl group(−C6H5)bonded to a hydroxyl group (−OH). It is mildly acidicand requires careful handling due to its propensity to cause chemicalburns.
Phenol was first extracted from coal tar,but today is produced on a large scale (about 7 billion kg/year) from petroleum.It is an important industrial commodity as a precursor to many materials and usefulcompounds.It is primarily used to synthesize plasticsand related materials. Phenol and its chemical derivatives are essential for productionof polycarbonates,epoxies,Bakelite,nylon,detergents,herbicidessuch as phenoxy herbicides, and numerous pharmaceutical drugs.
Although similar to alcohols, phenols have unique properties. Unlike alcohols,where the hydroxyl group is bound to a saturated carbon atom,phenols have thehydroxyl group attached to an unsaturated aromatic (alternating double and single bond)hydrocarbonbenzene ring.[8] Phenolshave greater acidity than alcohols because of the stabilization of the conjugatebase through resonance in the aromatic ring.
2.Specification
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Product name: |
Phenol |
Standard
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GB/T 339-2001
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|
Index |
Specification |
Result |
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|
Appearance |
Appearance Crystalline solid,no precipitate,no turbidity |
Passed |
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|
Crystallization point |
≥40.6 |
40.8 |
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Solubilit Test(1:20 absorbance) |
≤ 0.03 |
0.02 |
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Non-Volatile Residue |
≤0.05 |
Passed |
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Test Conclusion |
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|
Superior product. Comply with the USP31 Standard. |
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3.Package
200kg/drum, 80drum/20ft container=16mts/20ft container
4.Production
Because of phenol's commercialimportance, many methods have been developed for its production. The dominantcurrent route, accounting for 95% of production (2003), is the cumeneprocess, which involves the partial oxidation of cumene(isopropylbenzene) via the Hock rearrangement:
C6H5CH(CH3)2 + O2 → C6H5OH + (CH3)2CO
Acetoneis produced as a by-product. Compared to most other processes, the cumeneprocess uses relatively mild synthesis conditions, and relatively inexpensiveraw materials. However, to operate economically, there must be demand for bothphenol, and the acetone by-product.
An early commercial route,developed by Bayerand Monsantoin the early 1900s, begins with the reaction of a strong base with benzenesulfonate:
C6H5SO3H + 2 NaOH → C6H5OH + Na2SO3 + H2O
Other methods under considerationinvolve:
hydrolysis of chlorobenzene, using base (Dow's Process) or steam (Raschig-Hooker process):
C6H5Cl + H2O → C6H5OH + HCl
Direct oxidation of benzene with nitrous oxide, a potentially "green" process:
C6H6 + N2O → C6H5OH + N2
oxidation of toluene, as developed by Dow Chemical:
C6H5CH3 + 2 O2 → C6H5OH + CO2 + H2O
In the Lummus Process, theoxidation of toluene to benzoic acid is conducted separately.
Phenol is also a recoverablebyproduct of coalpyrolysis.
5.Useage
The major uses of phenol,consuming two thirds of its production, involve its conversion to precursorsfor plastics. Condensation with acetone gives bisphenol-A,a key precursor to polycarbonates and epoxide resins.Condensation of phenol, alkylphenols, or diphenols with formaldehydegives phenolic resins, a famous example of which is Bakelite.Partial hydrogenation of phenol gives cyclohexanone,a precursor to nylon.Nonionic detergentsare produced by alkylation of phenol to give the alkylphenols,e.g., nonylphenol,which are then subjected to ethoxylation.
Phenol is also a versatileprecursor to a large collection of drugs, most notably aspirinbut also many herbicides and pharmaceutical drugs. Phenol is also used as anoral anesthetic/analgesic in products such as Chlorasepticor other brand name and generic equivalents, commonly used to temporarily treatpharyngitis.
Phenol is a component in liquid/liquid phenol-chloroform extraction techniqueused in molecular biology for obtaining nucleic acidsfrom tissues or cell culture samples. Depending on the pH of the solutioneither DNA or RNA can be extracted.
6.Application
The major uses of phenol,consuming two thirds of its production, involve its conversion to precursorsfor plastics. Condensation with acetone gives bisphenol-A,a key precursor to polycarbonates and epoxide resins.Condensation of phenol, alkylphenols, or diphenols with formaldehydegives phenolic resins, a famous example of which is Bakelite.Partial hydrogenation of phenol gives cyclohexanone,a precursor to nylon.Nonionic detergentsare produced by alkylation of phenol to give the alkylphenols,e.g., nonylphenol,which are then subjected to ethoxylation.
Phenol is also a versatileprecursor to a large collection of drugs, most notably aspirinbut also many herbicides and pharmaceutical drugs. Phenol is also used as anoral anesthetic/analgesic in products such as Chlorasepticor other brand name and generic equivalents, commonly used to temporarily treatpharyngitis.
Phenol is a component in liquid/liquid phenol-chloroform extraction techniqueused in molecular biology for obtaining nucleic acidsfrom tissues or cell culture samples. Depending on the pH of the solutioneither DNA or RNA can be extracted.
7.Notice
Phenol has strong corrosion effect to the skin mucous membrane, inhibits central nervous or damage to liver kidney function of acute poisoning: inhalation of high concentrations of vapour can cause headache, dizziness, weakness blurred vision such as pulmonary edema caused by digestive tract burns, burning pain, breath with phenol, vomit or stool can take blood, have the possibility of gastrointestinal perforation, can appear shock, pulmonary edema, liver or kidney damage, acute renal failure, but died of respiratory failure eye contact can cause burns can be approved by burns the skin absorb the acute renal failure caused by chronic poisoning: after the incubation period can cause headache dizziness cough anorexia nausea Vomiting, serious cause albuminuria can cause dermatitis environmental
harm: serious harm to the environment, water and air can cause pollution and explosion risk: this product is combustible, highly toxic, highly corrosive, can cause human burns
8.Company profile
Qingdao Hisea Chem Co., Ltd is a famous chemical manufacture since 1996, located in Chemical Logistics Park of Qingdao port which is only 30 kilometers from the Qingdao port, and the traffic is very convenient.
Based on the oil refining chemical plant of CNPC and Sinopec which distributed around of China,we product Glacial acetic acid, Formic acid, Nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide, and we produce sodium hydroxide,potassium hydroxide,sodium sulfide, potassium sulfate based on salt, potassium, magnesium, coal resources from the lop nurand the Qinghai lake .Reduplicating distillation the acids and the solvents and improving the product purity is to reach each field application, textile ,reagent and medical level etc. It is our top advantage to provide the high purity of products and make customized production according to the customer's requirements.We have our own sub-assembly factory, which can meet different needs of customers.
Nowadays, we have exported to 70 countries around of the world and establish firm trade relationship.It would be our honor if you can contact with us and cooperate with us.
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